Effect of Garlic in ration on immune response of broiler chicken
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Published:
Jun 28, 2003
Keywords:
Garlic, broiler chicken, immune, Newcastle, Gumboro vaccines
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Abstract
This study was conducted to investigate the effect of two levels of garlic supplementation to broiler ration on immune response to Newcastle and Gumboro vaccines.
A total of 120 chick of broiler breeder males faobro strain were used at one day old. The birds at seven days old were divided into three groups. Each group was consisted of fourty birds. The first group (T1) was treated with garlic at 1% ratio. The second group (T2) was treated with garlic at 2% ratio , while control group (C) was not given garlic with ration.
The birds were immunized after decline of Maternal Antibodies of Newcastle and Gumboro until (34) days old. The first vaccine occurred at 35 day old with combined vaccine of Newcastle lasota -C30 strain and Gumoro Lukert strain, second vaccine was done after ten days from the first vaccine.
The titer of haemagglutination inhibition antibodies of Newcastle vaccine, titer of Gumboro precipitating antibodies and the titer of antibodies in ELISA test to these vaccine were measured after ten days of each vaccine, and the results were as follows: -The titer of haemagglutinating inhibiting antibodies of Newcastle vaccine was increased significantly in Tl and T2 groups (P < 0.05) compared with control group. -The titer of Gumboro precipitating antibodies was increased significantly in Ti and T2 groups (P < 0.05) compared with control group after second vaccine only. -ELISA test results indicated a significant increase in titer of antibodies of Newcastle and Gumboro vaccines (P <0.05) compared with control group.
A total of 120 chick of broiler breeder males faobro strain were used at one day old. The birds at seven days old were divided into three groups. Each group was consisted of fourty birds. The first group (T1) was treated with garlic at 1% ratio. The second group (T2) was treated with garlic at 2% ratio , while control group (C) was not given garlic with ration.
The birds were immunized after decline of Maternal Antibodies of Newcastle and Gumboro until (34) days old. The first vaccine occurred at 35 day old with combined vaccine of Newcastle lasota -C30 strain and Gumoro Lukert strain, second vaccine was done after ten days from the first vaccine.
The titer of haemagglutination inhibition antibodies of Newcastle vaccine, titer of Gumboro precipitating antibodies and the titer of antibodies in ELISA test to these vaccine were measured after ten days of each vaccine, and the results were as follows: -The titer of haemagglutinating inhibiting antibodies of Newcastle vaccine was increased significantly in Tl and T2 groups (P < 0.05) compared with control group. -The titer of Gumboro precipitating antibodies was increased significantly in Ti and T2 groups (P < 0.05) compared with control group after second vaccine only. -ELISA test results indicated a significant increase in titer of antibodies of Newcastle and Gumboro vaccines (P <0.05) compared with control group.
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Effect of Garlic in ration on immune response of broiler chicken. (2003). The Iraqi Journal of Veterinary Medicine, 27(1), 146-157. https://doi.org/10.30539/ijvm.v27i1.1105
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How to Cite
Effect of Garlic in ration on immune response of broiler chicken. (2003). The Iraqi Journal of Veterinary Medicine, 27(1), 146-157. https://doi.org/10.30539/ijvm.v27i1.1105
References
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2. National Research Council (NRC). (1994). Nutrient Requirements of poultry, 9th edition (Washington DC, National Academy Press).100
3. Cook, M.E. (1996). Diet induced immunosuppression In: Poultry immunology, 144. Ed. P: 318.
4. Klasing, K.C. (1996). Immunomodulation in poultry: In Poultry Immunology, Eds by Davison et al., 1st. Eds., Oxford , U.K.
5. Campo, J.I., (1995). Comparative yolk cholesterol content in four Spanish breeds of hens on F2 cross and a White Leghorn Population. Poultry Sci., 74: 1061-1066.
6. Schwimmer, S. and Mazetis, M. 1963. Characterization of allinase of Allium cepa (onion). Arch. Bioch. Biophys. 66-100.
7. Borek, C. (2000 b). Issue of Nutrition Science news, Understanding herbs. (Internet).
8. Webmaster, (2001). The immune system. Part 3. American Enterprises Ltd. (internet).
9. McGowan, Meg (1996). Immunity Boosters. Conscious choice , Nov. (internet)
10. Lau, B.H., Yamasaki, T. and Gridley, D.S. (1991). Garlic compounds modulate macrophage and T-lymphocyte functions. Abstr. Mol Biother, Jun, 3: 2, 103-7.
11. Hofbauer, R.; Frass, M.; Gmeiner, B.; Kaye, A.D. and Frost, E.A. (2001). Effects of garlic extract (Allium sativum) on neutrophil migration at the cellular level, Heart Dis., 3 (1):14(Internet). H
12. enderson, A.D. (1997). Allium sativum (garlic) treatment for murine transitional cell carcinoma. Cancer weekly plus Jr. P. 41.
13. Shalash A. A. H. and Al-Ruffaii, M. H. (2002). The application of combined and single vaccination programs for ND and IBD in broiler chicks .Excepted for puplication in Vet. J. Vol. 2
14. Allan, W.H.; Lancaster, J.E. and Toth, B. (1978). Newcastle Disease vaccine, their production and use. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nation, Rome.
15. Cullen, G.A. and Wyth, P.J. (1975). Quantitation of antibodies to infectious bursal disease. Vet. Rec. 18: 315.
16. Collee, J.G; Fraser, A.G.; Marmion, B.P. and Simmons, A. (1996). Practical Medical Microbiology. 14th (ed). p. 858.
17. الإحصاء ، مديرية دار الكتب للطباعة والنشر جامعة الموصل .
18. Beard, C. W. and Brugh, M. (1975). Immunity to Newcastle disease. Am. J. Vet. Res. 36: 509-512.
19. McFerran, J.B.; Gordon, W.A. and Finaly, J.T. (1968), An outbreak of subclinical ND. in N. Ireland, Vet. Rec. 82: 589-592.
20. Sheffy, B.E. and Schultz, R.D. (1979). Influence of vitamin E and selenium on Immune response mechanisms. Federation Proceedings. 38: 2139.
21. Lam, D.L., and Riggs, D.R. (2001). Enhanced immunocompetence by garlic: Role in bladder cancer and other malignancies. J. Nutr. 131 (3s): 10675-70s. (Pub Med).
22. Szigeti, G.; Palfi, V.; Nags, B.; Edes, I.; Nagy, G.; Szmoleny, G.; Bago, G. and Radvanyi, S.Z. (1998). New type of immuno - stimulant to increase antibody production in response to viral and bacteria vaccines, (Magyar - Allatorvosok - Lapja). (No. 12). P. 719-721. (Medline).
23. Weisman, J. and Hitchner, S.B. (1978). Virus neutralizing versus agar gel precipitating test for detecting serological response to IBDV. Avian Dis. 22: 598-603.
24. Marquardt, W.; Jonson, R.B.; Odenwald, W.F. and Schotthober, B.A. (1980). An indirect ELISA for measuring antibodies in chickens infected with IBDV. Avian Dis. 24: 375-385.
25. والبحث العلمي في الموصل . وزارة التعليم العالي والبحث العلمي ، العراق .
26. Barrett, J.T. (1988). Textbook of immunology. 5th (ed.), Toronto, Washington, p. 200.
27. Dennis, J. and D.J. Alexander. (1997). Newcastle diseases and other avian paromyxoviridae infections In: Diseases of poultry, Eds by Calnek et al., 10th ed. Iowa State University Press. p. 554.
28. Sofei , D.M. ; Avram , E. ; Oporanu , M. ; Oltean , E. ; Turcu, D. and Vior , E. (1996). Elisa for immunological surveillance in infectious bursal disease In : studies of research in Vet. Med. The Jr. of the pasteur institute , Bucharest. 4 : 22-28.
2. National Research Council (NRC). (1994). Nutrient Requirements of poultry, 9th edition (Washington DC, National Academy Press).100
3. Cook, M.E. (1996). Diet induced immunosuppression In: Poultry immunology, 144. Ed. P: 318.
4. Klasing, K.C. (1996). Immunomodulation in poultry: In Poultry Immunology, Eds by Davison et al., 1st. Eds., Oxford , U.K.
5. Campo, J.I., (1995). Comparative yolk cholesterol content in four Spanish breeds of hens on F2 cross and a White Leghorn Population. Poultry Sci., 74: 1061-1066.
6. Schwimmer, S. and Mazetis, M. 1963. Characterization of allinase of Allium cepa (onion). Arch. Bioch. Biophys. 66-100.
7. Borek, C. (2000 b). Issue of Nutrition Science news, Understanding herbs. (Internet).
8. Webmaster, (2001). The immune system. Part 3. American Enterprises Ltd. (internet).
9. McGowan, Meg (1996). Immunity Boosters. Conscious choice , Nov. (internet)
10. Lau, B.H., Yamasaki, T. and Gridley, D.S. (1991). Garlic compounds modulate macrophage and T-lymphocyte functions. Abstr. Mol Biother, Jun, 3: 2, 103-7.
11. Hofbauer, R.; Frass, M.; Gmeiner, B.; Kaye, A.D. and Frost, E.A. (2001). Effects of garlic extract (Allium sativum) on neutrophil migration at the cellular level, Heart Dis., 3 (1):14(Internet). H
12. enderson, A.D. (1997). Allium sativum (garlic) treatment for murine transitional cell carcinoma. Cancer weekly plus Jr. P. 41.
13. Shalash A. A. H. and Al-Ruffaii, M. H. (2002). The application of combined and single vaccination programs for ND and IBD in broiler chicks .Excepted for puplication in Vet. J. Vol. 2
14. Allan, W.H.; Lancaster, J.E. and Toth, B. (1978). Newcastle Disease vaccine, their production and use. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nation, Rome.
15. Cullen, G.A. and Wyth, P.J. (1975). Quantitation of antibodies to infectious bursal disease. Vet. Rec. 18: 315.
16. Collee, J.G; Fraser, A.G.; Marmion, B.P. and Simmons, A. (1996). Practical Medical Microbiology. 14th (ed). p. 858.
17. الإحصاء ، مديرية دار الكتب للطباعة والنشر جامعة الموصل .
18. Beard, C. W. and Brugh, M. (1975). Immunity to Newcastle disease. Am. J. Vet. Res. 36: 509-512.
19. McFerran, J.B.; Gordon, W.A. and Finaly, J.T. (1968), An outbreak of subclinical ND. in N. Ireland, Vet. Rec. 82: 589-592.
20. Sheffy, B.E. and Schultz, R.D. (1979). Influence of vitamin E and selenium on Immune response mechanisms. Federation Proceedings. 38: 2139.
21. Lam, D.L., and Riggs, D.R. (2001). Enhanced immunocompetence by garlic: Role in bladder cancer and other malignancies. J. Nutr. 131 (3s): 10675-70s. (Pub Med).
22. Szigeti, G.; Palfi, V.; Nags, B.; Edes, I.; Nagy, G.; Szmoleny, G.; Bago, G. and Radvanyi, S.Z. (1998). New type of immuno - stimulant to increase antibody production in response to viral and bacteria vaccines, (Magyar - Allatorvosok - Lapja). (No. 12). P. 719-721. (Medline).
23. Weisman, J. and Hitchner, S.B. (1978). Virus neutralizing versus agar gel precipitating test for detecting serological response to IBDV. Avian Dis. 22: 598-603.
24. Marquardt, W.; Jonson, R.B.; Odenwald, W.F. and Schotthober, B.A. (1980). An indirect ELISA for measuring antibodies in chickens infected with IBDV. Avian Dis. 24: 375-385.
25. والبحث العلمي في الموصل . وزارة التعليم العالي والبحث العلمي ، العراق .
26. Barrett, J.T. (1988). Textbook of immunology. 5th (ed.), Toronto, Washington, p. 200.
27. Dennis, J. and D.J. Alexander. (1997). Newcastle diseases and other avian paromyxoviridae infections In: Diseases of poultry, Eds by Calnek et al., 10th ed. Iowa State University Press. p. 554.
28. Sofei , D.M. ; Avram , E. ; Oporanu , M. ; Oltean , E. ; Turcu, D. and Vior , E. (1996). Elisa for immunological surveillance in infectious bursal disease In : studies of research in Vet. Med. The Jr. of the pasteur institute , Bucharest. 4 : 22-28.