THE EFFECT OF NITRATE IN DRINKING WATER ON THE LIVER FUNCTION IN LAYING HENS
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
Twenty weeks old Euribrid-Hisex Brown laying hens were used to study the effect of water pollution with nitrate on the liver function in these animals. Nitrate treatment caused an increase in total serum albumin and decreased total serum globulin and cholesterol. The activity of serum GOT and GPT enzymes were not affected by the treatment with nitrate. The results indicate that nitrate did not seem to have a negative influence on the liver function, but, it appears that nitrate might depress the immune system in these animals particularly during the early stages of exposure to the pollution. The results also indicate that laying hens are capable of adapting to high doses of nitrate in drinking water.
Downloads
Article Details
How to Cite
References
- David, F.; Samim, A. and Richard, D. (1985). Nitrates, Nitrites and gastric cancer in Great Britin. Nature 313: 620-627.
- Klassen, C. D.; Amdur, M.D. and Doull, J. (1986). Cassarett and Doulls Toxicology. The Basic Science of Poisons. Third Eddition, MacMillan Publishing Company, N.Y.
- Balogh, T.; Dobai, S. and Szegedi, B. (1965). Incidence of methemoglobinaemia in a poultry flock. Acta. Vet. Hung. 15: 35-38. 4- Burrows, G.E. (1980). Nitrate intoxication. J. Am. Vet. Med. Asso. 177 (1): 82-83.
- Almukhtar, E.; Musa, S. A.; Sabri, S. and Ali, N. M. (1986). Physical and chemical characteristics of the lower reaches of river Diyala, central Iraq. J. Environ. Sci. Health. 21: 537-550.
- Kudsi, R. S. K. (1989). The role of nitrate on the blood component of layers. m. Sc. Thesis, Baghdad University.
- Alokaily, B. N. A. (1990). Effect of high nitrate intake on some functional- structural aspects of the thyroid gland in the laying hens. M. Sc. Thesis, Baghdad University.
- Muhammad, A. H. (1989). The role of nitrate in drinking water on some physiological and reproductive aspects of layers. M.Sc. Thesis, Baghdad University.
- Wotton, I. P. D. (1974). Microanalysis in Medical Biochemistry, Fifth Edition. Churchill Livingstone, London.
- Tiets, W. N. (1986). Textbook of Clinical Chemistry. W. B. Saunders company, Philadelphia.
- Reitman, S. and Frankel, S. (1957). A colorimetric method for the determination of serum glutamic oxalacetic and glutamic pyruvic transaminases. Am. J. Clin. Pathol. 28: 56-63.
- Franey, R.J. and Elias, A. (1968). Serum cholesterol measurement based on ethanol extraction and ferric chloride-sulfuric acid. Clin. Chem. Acta. 21:255-263.
- Jainudeen, M. R.; Hansel, W. and Davison, K. L. (1965). Nitrate toxicity in dairy heifers, 3- Endocrine responses to nitrate ingestion during pregnancy. J. Dairy Sci. 48: 217-221.
- Campbell, T.W. and Coles, E. H. (1986). Veterinary Clinical Pathology; Chapter 16; page 291-292. Philadelphia.
- Sinclair, K. B. and Jones, D. I. H. (1964). The effect of nitrate on blood composition and reproduction in the ewe. Br. Vet. J. 120: 78-86.
- Arora, S.P.; Hatfield, E.E.; Garrigus, U. S.; Romack, F. E. and Motyka, H. (1968). Effect of adaptation to dietary nitrate on thyroxine secretion rate and growth in lambs. J. Anim. Sci. 27: 1445-1448.
- Kelley, S. T.; Oehme, F. W. and Hoffman, S. B. (1974). Effect of chronic dietary nitrate on canine thyroid function. Toxicol. and Appl. Pharmacol. 27(1): 200-203.
- Adams, A. W. (1974). Effect of nitrate in drinking water of Japanese quail. Poult. Sci. 53 (2): 832-834.
- Adams, A. W.; Emerick, R. J. and Carlson, C. W. (1966). Effect of nitrate and nitrite in the drinking water on chicks, pullets and laying hens. Poult. Sci. 45: 1215-1222.