Sequencing Analysis of the N gene of Canine Distemper Virus from Infected Dogs in Baghdad City
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Abstract
The primary aim of this study was to analyze the nucleocapsid (N) gene of the Canine Distemper Virus (CDV) in infected canines within Baghdad, Iraq. A total of 50 samples, encompassing nasal swabs and fecal specimens, were obtained from canines of various ages and breeds. Utilizing a Rapid Test, nine of 50 samples tested positive for CDV. Subsequent to this, the RNA from the positively tested samples was extracted and subjected to Reverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) for cDNA synthesis. The synthesized cDNA was further amplified through conventional PCR targeting the N gene. Six of these amplified products were submitted to Macrogen, South Korea, for sequencing. Sequence analysis revealed multiple silent and missense point mutations within the N gene. Phylogenetic analysis indicated a 99% similarity of the N gene in the Iraqi strains to a known strain from the USA. Overall, this study identifies point mutations in the N gene of CDV in infected canines in Iraq and establishes that the circulating strain exhibits high genetic resemblance to a USA strain. Therefore, it is imperative to formulate and implement high-efficacy vaccines and comprehensive control strategies. This represents the first study in Iraq to focus on the N gene analysis of CDV in infected dogs.
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