Investigation of Infectious Laryngotracheitis Virus in Broiler Flocks in Sulaymaniyah Province, Iraq
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Abstract
Infectious laryngotracheitis (ILT) is an acute contagious upper respiratory tract infection of chickens and other birds, caused by Gallid herpesvirus1 (GaHV-1), which has economic importance in the poultry industry. There was no scientific data about the incidence of the disease in broiler farms in Sulaymaniyah province/Iraq. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate ILTV infection in broiler farms in that region. Clinically infected birds from 89 broiler flocks that had respiratory distress, coughing, gasping, tracheal rales, nasal ocular discharge, and congested trachea with purulent exudate, hemorrhagic tracheitis with/or without necrotic changes were investigated. The DNA was extracted from the pooled samples, including tracheal secretion, trachea, and lung tissue. Primers specific to the thymidine kinase gene (tdk) of ILTV- were used in PCR to detect the virus. A phylogenic tree was generated to track the virus’s origin. The study revealed that the rate of infection with ILTV among broiler farms was 2.2% (2/89) in the region. The sequencing analysis showed that the ILTV isolated in the area was closely related to the reported strains in the United States and Brazil (MN643591.1 and S83714.1); and had a sequence identity of 98.27% to the taxon JQ217378.1. In conclusion, the study reported that one of the causes of the respiratory viral infection in broiler flocks even at younger ages was related to ILTV. Partially sequenced tdk gene of the virus showed that the circulated serovar in the region had some nucleotides and amino acids differences with the worldwide reported serovars. This should be taken into consideration in the poultry industry by doing further investigation.
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